Sunday, October 10, 2010

Metallic Properties

Metallic Properties:
Metals are sometimes described as a lattice of positive ions surrounded by a cloud of delocalized electrons. They are one of the three groups of elements as distinguished by their ionization and bonding properties, along with the metalloids and nonmetals. On the periodic table, a diagonal line drawn from boron (B) to polonium (Po) separates the metals from the nonmetals. Most elements on this line are metalloids, sometimes called semi-metals; elements to the lower left are metals; elements to the upper right are nonmetals (see the periodic table showing the metals).



Atomic radius
The atomic radius of a chemical element is a measure of the size of its atoms, usually the mean or typical distance from the nucleus to the boundary of the surrounding cloud of electrons. Since the boundary is not a well-defined physical entity, there are various non-equivalent definitions of atomic radius


Video:

Sunday, October 3, 2010

Ionic and Covalent Bonding


IONIC BONDING
An ionic bond is a chemical bond formed by the electron attraction between positive and negative ions


COVALENT BONDING
Covalent Bonds are chemical bonds formed by the sharing of a pair of electrons between atoms


Examples:



Ionic Bond: NaCl

Total Number of Electrons: 8


There are no extra electrons so the drawing is done.


Covalent Bond: HCl

Total Number of electrons : 8

Covalent Bond: FCl4+



GROUPS
- Elements in a group have the same valence electrons.

FAMILIES
IA - Alkali metals
IIA - Alkali earth metals
IIIA - Boron
IVA - Carbon
VA - Nitrogen
VIA - Chalcogens
VII - Halogens
VIII - Noble gas / Ideal gas